The Food Timeline
Ever wonder what the Vikings ate when they set off to explore the new world? How Dolly Madison made her ice cream? What the pioneers cooked along the Oregon Trail? Who invented the potato chip...and why? Food is the fun part of social studies! The tricky part is finding recipes you can make in a modern kitchen, with ingredients bought at your local supermarket and bring into school to share with your class. This page is for you! We are also stocking up on teacher and parent resources. Bon appetit.
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beginnings
emmer grain--17,000BC---
einkorn grain--16,000BC---
bread has history--10,000BC---
sheep domestication---9,000BC---
swine domestication---7,000BC---
cattle domestication---6,500BC---
maize & spelt grain---6000BC---
corn, pasta & chilies---5000BC---
olive oil---5000BC---
cheese---4000BC---
popcorn---3600BC---
chicken domestication---3200BC---
watermelon & onions---3000BC---
soybeans---2838BC---
rice---2800BC---
tea---2737BC---
rhubarb---2700BC---
mushrooms---2600BC---
marshmallows & figs---2000BC---
peanuts & cacao---1500BC---

sausage---900BC---
chewing gum---400BC---
bananas---327BC---
sugar---326BC---
ice cream---200BC---
Devon cattle---55BC---
Holstein cows---1AD---

mustard---42---
pretzels---610---

english muffins---1000---
carrots & strawberries---1000---







hot dogs---1484---

pineapples in Europe---1493---

Texas Longhorns---1500---
tomatoes in Europe---1544---
potatoes in Europe---1553---




coffee in Europe---1615---



candy canes---1670---
cranberries/New Jersey---1680---
bagels---1683---



Hereford cows---1742---

mayonnaise---1756---
sandwiches---1762---
soda water---1767---
Jersey cows---1771---

Grey's Dijon Mustard---1777---




Mandarin oranges/Europe---1805---





Graham crackers---1829---



Worcestershire Sauce---1835---


Corn starch ---1842---
chocolate candy---1847---

potato chips---1853---
condensed milk---1856---

jelly beans---1861---


Tabasco sauce---1868---
Campbell's Soup---1869---
margarine---1870---


Ice cream sodas---1874---

Heinz Ketchup---1876---
Premium Saltines---1876---
Saccharin---1879---

hamburgers & Dr Pepper---1885---
Coca Cola---1886---
pizza as we know it---1889---
peanut butter---1890---
Fig Newtons---1891---
Cracker Jack & Postum---1893---
Hershey bars---1894---
Triscuits---1895---
Tootsie Rolls---1896---
Jell-O---1897---
Texas sweet onions---1898---

Animal Crackers---1902---
Ice cream cones---1903---
canned tuna---1903---



Kellogg's Corn Flakes---1906---
Crisco---1911---
Oreo cookies---1913---

Moon pies---1917---
Marshmallow Fluff---1917---
Fortune cookies---1918---
Good Humor Ice Cream---1920---
Wheaties & White Castle---1921---

Vegemite---1923---
frozen foods---1924---
Kool-Aid & Pez---1927---
Bisquick---1931---
Miracle Whip---1933---
Ritz Crackers---1934---
Eggo waffles---1935---

SPAM & Krispy Kreme---1937---



M & Ms & Cheerios---1941---
Betty Crocker cake mix---1947---
seedless watermelon---1949---
Junior Mints---1949---


TV Dinners---1954---
McDonald's restaurant---1955---

Rice-A-Roni---1958---

Trix---1960---
Chips Ahoy!---1963---
Pop Tarts---1964---
Buffalo Wings---1964---
Gatorade ---1965---

tomatoes in space---1984---
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recipes


---10,000BC---The Agricultural Revolution

















---1000BC---Ancient Greece






---1st Century---Ancient Rome
---37---Ancient Rome, selected by Marcus Gavius Apicius


---700-1100---Viking era, food for exploration




---14th Century---Medieval gingerbread from A Boke of Gode Cookery
---1386---Chaucerian Cookery, feasts!
---1390---Tart in Ember Day from The Forme of Cury
---1395---French Coronation Feast, from Le Menagier de Paris
---1430---Pears in syrup, from Potage Dyvers

---1492---Christopher Columbus old world cuisine,

---16th Century France---French flan, from The Viandier



---1588---English pastry, from The Good Huswifes Handmaid for Cookerie in her Kitchen
---17th Century London--- evening meal, served at a local public house
---1607---Jamestown settlers ate pottage (p. 20)

---1621---Pilgrim Thanksgiving, including food for a harvest feast
and Native American Sautauthig




---18th Century Canada---French Canadian fare from the Fortress of Louisbourg. The Voyageurs ate pemmican
---1732---Colonial Virginia cuisine, from Prospect Hill Inn
---1742---Bean soup & Shoofly pie, from the Amish
---1754---Colonial Williamsburg, from The Compleat Housewife




---1775---Dried apples from Paul Revere's kitchen
---1777---Firecakes & pepper pot from Valley Forge
---1796---Indian pudding, from Amelia Simmon's American Cookery
---1796---Portugal cakes, receipts of Hannah Glasse & John Farley
---1800---New England seafood: New Bedford, MA & Mystic, CT
---1800---Napoleon's Chicken Marengo

---1810---Kentucky Burgoo
---1815---Thomas Jefferson's Monticello muffins
---1815---Dolly Madison's ice cream
---1818---Mulaga-tawny soup, Dr. William Kitchener
---1828---Dr. Creed Haskins' Brunswick stew

---1830---Reform Club chef Alex Soyer's Dessert gelatin
---1830---Mrs. Isaac Cocks' Long Island corn bread
---1831---Jumbles, treat from "The Cook Not Mad"

---1836---Wedding menu, from America's heartland
---1840---Oregon Trail pioneer recipes


---1849--- California Gold Rush sourdough bread requires"starter"


---1860---Cakes, from Godey's Lady's Book
---1861-1865---Civil War, hardtack & johnnie cakes, desserts

---1866---Chuck wagon stew, Texas cowboy food


---1870---Washington Pie & Rock Candy
---1873---American cuisine, from Miss Beecher's Housekeeper and Healthkeeper cookbook

---1875---Kentucky Derby brunch, a Louisville tradition



---1880---Blueberry pudding, from Mrs. Parola's New Cook Book






---1894---Eggs Benedict

---1896---Military field bread, U.S. Manual for Army Cooks


---1900---Sour cream cookies, from Aunt Kate's notebook



---1904---Ginger Ale Salad, from the Jell-O Cookbook
---1904---U.S. Senate Bean Soup
---1905---Vassar Fudge
---1906---Lady Baltimore Cake


---1914---ANZAC biscuits


---1918---World War I recipes from the Doughboy Cookbook
---1920s--Soda fountain treats, shakes & malts

---1922---Original Homebaked Girl Scout Cookies

---1924---Caesar salad





---1936---George Washington Carver's 115 tomato recipes

---1938---The Great Depression, Good Things to Eat, by Gleaners of First Christian Church, New Castle, Indiana
---1939---Ruth Wakefield's Toll House cookies



---1949---Pillsbury Bake-Off Contest Theodora Smafield's No-Knead Water-Rising Twists
---1950s--casseroles, from Meal-Master



---1958---Navy bean soup & other U.S. Navy traditions

---1960---Green Eggs and Ham by Dr. Seuss







---1999---Space food, NASA's astronaut menus
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Hungry for more?
food in history social evolution historic recipes lesson plans
real people or brand names? inventions supplies books & bibliographies

Looking for something not yet on our menu? Let us know!

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About this site
The Food Timeline was created in response to students, parents and teachers who frequently ask our librarians for help locating food history and period recipes. All information is checked against standard reference tools for accuracy--The Food Chronology (Trager), Food in History (Tannahill), History of Food (Toussant-Samat) and other sources as needed. As with most historical topics, there are some conflicting stories in the field of food history. We do our best to select and present the information with the most documented support.

The recipes listed on our site are selected from a variety of sources including National Historic Parks, government agencies, universities, cultural organizations, culinary historians, primary documents and company/restaurant web sites. We have not cooked all of them in our own kitchens and cannot vouch for their results in yours. If you have any questions regarding the ingredients, instructions or safety of these recipes please forward them directly to the webmaster of the site hosting that recipe.

Some notes on food and kitchen safety--the following information may be useful to teachers and parents who plan to implement cooking in the classroom: Gateway to Government Food Safety Information, U.S. Food & Drug Adminstration (safe food preparation & proper storage procedures) and Kitchen Safety, University of Maine Cooperative Extension (personal hygiene & safe handling of cooking equipment).

Happy cooking!
Lynne Olver


http://www.gti.net/mocolib1/kid/food.html
© Morris County Library 1999
22 November 1999